Sudden onset pelvic pain is usually severe and can be associated with nausea, vomiting, fever or backache. It is an emergency and urgent management is required. The most common causes are gynecologic in origin such as ectopic pregnancy, ovarian cyst, ruptured ovarian cyst, torsion of tube and ovary, fibroid degeneration or pelvic inflammatory disease.
Other causes are bladder infection (cystitis), kidney infection also known as pyelonephritis, kidney stones, irritable bowel, ischemic bowel, other bowel diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, diverticulosis, diverticulitis, appendicitis and constipation. Pelvic ultrasound is helpful in diagnosing pelvic causes. Treatment is based on the diagnosis. Sudden onset pelvic pain requires urgent management.