Cervical cell changes are detected by the Pap test. These can then be diagnosed and treated early in order to prevent cervical cancer. The cervix is the mouth of the uterus.
Abnormal Pap results are often linked to HPV (Human Papilloma Virus). If the cells are normal, the Pap test results are negative. A positive result can show low grade, moderate or high grade changes. High grade are the closest to cervical cancer. Abnormal results require diagnosis through colposcopy (viewing the cervix through a magnifying instrument) and biopsy.
The resulting specimens are sent to the lab for diagnosis. Based on the diagnosis the cervix is then treated. The purpose of these is to detect abnormalities early in order to prevent cervical cancer. Depending on the grade of the lesion either cryosurgery (freezing) or conization is utilized for treatment.